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There seem to be many ways of referring to the various connectors and chip types found on motherboards and cards. This page illustrates some chips along with the names used for them on this site.
PLCC and DIP variants designed for socketing have leads which curl toward the chip's underside. Often these chips are soldered directly to the board. With care and patience these chips can be torn loose and used in empty sockets elsewhere. A fingernail file works well to smooth the remaining solder.
Details of connectors can be found in Connections Page 1 and Page 2.

----Chips----

CPUs

40-DIP
68-PGA (for 186, 286, 386 & 387)
Socket386 (aka 132-PGA)
Socket486 (aka 168-PGA)
Socket1 (aka 169-PGA)
Socket2 or 3
Socket4
Socket5 or 7
Socket8
68-PLCC (plastic leaded chip carrier)
socketed 68-PQFP
68-LCC (leadless chip carrier)

Other chips

N.B.: The crystal oscillators found on cards and motherboards are called either "14-pin" or "8-pin". Both types have only four legs. The "14-pin" units are rectangular while the "8-pin" units are square. Remember this when buying new crystals:-)

socketed 40-DIP	RAM on a VLB vid card. On the right is the underside of a socket-type 40-DIP. To the left an identical chip can be seen soldered to the board.
14-TCXO (has 4 legs)